Fermentation of Chenopodium formosanum Leaf Extract with Aspergillus oryzae Significantly Enhanced Its Physiological Activities

Chenopodium formosanum Koidz (CF) is an indigenous cereal plant of Taiwan. Its high content secondary metabolites and nutrients has attracted attention for its use in skin care products functional foods. However, most studies have focused on the extract CF seeds, which are relatively expensive, none investigated effects combining extraction fermentation. In this study, we evaluated utility using extracts different parts CF, i.e., leaves, stems, unhulled hulled seeds. We first made aqueous, ethanolic, methanolic, ethyl acetate four parts. After assessing their biological activities, selected only unfermented fermented leaf methanolic subsequent analysis. None concentrations (≤400 mg/L) were cytotoxic, all exhibited antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, skin-whitening, moisturizing, antiaging activities. The protocatechuic acid, epicatechin, gallic quercetin increased after Therefore, they subjected to a molecular docking analysis, revealed that epicatechin may contribute skin-whitening properties, respectively. conclusion, can be useful as ingredient health foods, botanical drugs, cosmetic products.